Version E Science

Welcome to your Version E Science

1.Which one is an anabolic reaction?

Amino acid to protein

Glycogen to disaccharide

Triglyceride to fatty acid

Maltose to glucose

2.Which of the followings is the immediate source of energy for muscular contraction?

Cellular respiration

Creatine phosphate

Fermentation

Proteins

3. Brain plasticity means that …

brain has the ability to control the functions of all other organs

all the three options are correct.

brain is dependent on constant delivery of oxygen and glucose.

brain can change or be remodeled in response to body needs.

4. How many pairs of the peripheral nerves are originated from the brain?

12

31

22

43

5. According to the Frank-Starling mechanism of the heart ....

cardiac output increases with increased heart rate.

stroke volume increases with increased venous return.

the intrinsic rate of the heart's pacemaker is 100 beats per minute.

both ventricles contract simultaneously.

6. Which brain wave is monitored when you are fully focused?

Gamma

Delta

Alpha

Theta

7. Which one does NOT happen during the latent period of a muscle contraction?

Release of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junction

All of them happen in the latent period.

Release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Attachment of calcium ions to troponin

8. If stroke volume increases, then ... will surely increase.

cardiac output

heart rate

strength of contractility

Hematocrit

9. A patient has a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg, and a diastolic blood pressure of 80 mmHg. The patient's pulse pressure equals ... mmHg.

70 mmHg

60 mmHg

110 mmHg

40 mmHg

10. Which biomolecules do make glycocalyx?

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Lipids

All of the options

11. Which one does happen inside the nucleus of a cell?

Transcription

Translation

Secretion

All of them

12. An object suddenly and quickly comes toward your face. You automatically and without thinking close your eyes. This is a reflex. Which of the following is considered as the effector in this reflex?

Skeletal muscles

Smooth muscles

Vision center of the brain

Optic nerve

13. Which one is NOT an example of homeostasis?

You are hungry. You go and eat some food.

You exercise hard. Your heart beats faster.

You eat and your blood sugar increases. Your pancreas secretes insulin.

You cut your blood vessel and the blood vessel constricts to decrease the bleeding.

14. Which of the following does have the highest level of organization?

Spinal nerve

Endoneurium

Oligodendrocyte

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

15. Which one is NOT involved in the limbic system?

Medulla oblongata

Hypothalamus

Cerebral cortex

Basal nucleui

16. Which one does ensure that action potential travels through an axon in one way?

Refractory period

Saltatory conduction

Gated protein channels

Inhibitory neurotransmitters

17. When an inhibitory neurotransmitter binds to a chemically gated protein channel on the cell body of a neuron, ....

anions enter the neuron

the neurotransmitter enters the neuron

cations enter the neuron

the neuron becomes depolarized.

18. Which one is NOT molecule?

Blood

Myelin

Neurotransmitter

Protein channel

19. During the _______, the ventricles are contracting.

time between the QRS complex and T wave

P wave

QRS complex

time between the P wave and QRS complex

20. Atrial depolarization causes ....

the P wave

the QRS complex

the T wave

the first heart sound

21. Which statement is NOT correct about the brown fat?

It stores huge amount of energy.

It is an adaptation to cold temperatures.

It has huge amount of mitochondria.

It has a protein called thermogenin

22. The volume of the air which is exchanged between the lungs and the atmosphere during a normal quiet respiration is called ….

vital capacity

tidal volume

residual volume

reserved volume

23. Which one does cause ovulation?

Increased level of progesterone

Increased level of LH

Decreased level of estrogen

Decreased level of FSH

24. A blood pH of 7.5, which is due to high levels of bicarbonate in the body, is considered ….

metabolic alkalosis

respiratory acidosis

respiratory alkalosis

metabolic acidosis

25. Which hormone is NOT secreted by adrenal glands?

Glucagon

Sex hormones

Aldosterone

Adrenalin

26. The main regulatory integrating center that maintain homeostatic body temperature and energy balance is ….

anterior pituitary

hypothalamus

posterior pituitary

medulla oblongata

27. Which of the following factors is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the urinary system?

Decreased GFR

Increased GFR

Increased urination

Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

28. Which of the followings does NOT happen during stress response?

Increased secretion of insulin

Increased secretion of glucagon

Increased secretion of thyroid hormone

Increased secretion of vasopressin

29. In humans, sex is determined by ….

Sperm

Ovum

Polar body

Primary oocyte

29. In which of the following situations, the core temperature is usually higher than normal?

Early morning

Second half of the monthly cycle in women

Older people

Extreme cold

30. Which of the following functions does happen in all digestive organs?

Secretion

Digestion

Absorption

Migratory movements

31. In which organ of the digestive system, chemical digestion of the proteins does start? What is its end product?

Mouth - Amino acids

Mouth – Monosaccharides

Stomach - Monosaccharides

Stomach - Amino acids

32. Erythropoiesis is stimulated by the ….

Bone

Liver

Brain

Kidneys

33. Which one is NOT secreted into duodenum?

Chymotrypsinogen

Bile

Chyme

Insulin

34. Which of the following cells respond specifically to the pathogens/antigens?

Lymphocytes

Monocytes

Neutrophils

Basophils

35. The majority of the energy from the food is transformed to …

Heat

ATP

CO2

H2O

36. Which one does cause menstruation?

Low levels of estrogen and progesterone

High levels of estrogen and progesterone

Transformation of follicle into corpus luteum

Ovulation

37. The major anion in ECF is ....

Potassium

bicarbonate

Sodium

Phosphate

38. Chloride shift happens to maintain ....

the normal resting membrane potential

the pH balance

the water balance

the normal amount of oxygen

39. All the following conditions can be indicated by the presence of ketone in urine except for ....

low-carbohydrate diets

starvation

bacterial infection

uncontrolled diabetes

40. Which of the following organs does NOT secrete digestive enzymes?

Small Intestine

Pancreas

Mouth

Stomach

41. The volume of the air which is exchanged between the lungs and the atmosphere during a normal, quiet respiration is called ….

Tidal volume

Vital capacity

Residual volume

reserved inspiratory volume

42. Alex accidentally puts his hand on a hot surface and quickly withdraws it. In this reflex, which of the following is/are the effector(s)?

Skeletal muscles

The brain

The spinal cord

Thermo receptors

43. A blood pH of 7.32 which is due to the trachea congestion is considered ....

metabolic alkalosis

metabolic acidosis

respiratory alkalosis

respiratory acidosis

44. Because of a pathophysiological situation, a patient's kidneys are not able to successfully participate in turning vitamin D into its active form. Over the time, which endocrine gland will increase its secretion in response to this situation?

Pancreas

Parathyroid gland

Adrenal gland

Posterior pituitary

45. Which three ions do play key roles in establishing and maintaining the resting membrane potential of the cells?

Bicarbonate, hydrogen, chloride

Calcium, chloride, bicarbonate

Sodium, potassium, anions

Potassium, sodium, calcium

46. Anna is peacefully eating her lunch when a very loud, sudden noise scares her. Which of the following will NOT happen in result?

increased secretion of renin from the kidneys

increased secretion of insulin from the pancreas

decreased blood flow to the GI tract

decreased blood flow to the nephrons

47. Which ion does start the muscular contraction by binding to myofilaments?

Potassium

Sodium

Chloride

Calcium

48. In a patient paralyzed from the waist down by a lower spinal cord injury, ....

defecation is accomplished only by the reflexes that come from the enteric nervous system.

defecation does not happen due to the disconnection of the central nervous system and the lower GI tract.

defecation is not affected.

A and C

49. Which molecule(s) is/are normally found in the urine?

Creatine

Albumin

Glucose

All of the above

50. Which of the following does/do result in alkalosis?

Hyperventilation

Severe vomiting

Decreased removal of bicarbonate ions from the body

All of the above

51. A pH of 7 in the blood plasma is considered ….

Acidosis

Normal

Neutral

Alkalosis

52. Which organ does secrete the intrinsic factor which facilitates vitamin B12 absorption?

Large Intestine

Liver

Small Intestine

Stomach

53. Ventilation is the exchange of gases between ….

alveoli and atmosphere

alveoli and the blood

the blood and the cells

the blood plasma and the red blood cells

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